Child Abuse And Its Effects On Children - 1227 Words

Every year over 3 million reports of child abuse are made involving more than 6 million children. The United States has one of the worst records of child abuse losing 4-7 children a day to the abuse. Abuse is when any behavior or action that is used to scare, harm, threaten, control or intimidate another person. Child abuse is a behavior outside the norms of conduct and entails substantial risk of causing physical or emotional harm. There are four main types of child abuse; physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. PHYSICAL Abuse Physical abuse is one of the most common form of child abuse. Defined as non-accidental trauma or physical injury caused by punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning or otherwise harming a child, physical abuse is the most visible form of child Abuse. Children who are physically abused can develop child traumatic stress. They are also at risk for depression and anxiety. How can you tell if someone you know is being physically abused? Well physical abuse comes with some symptoms you can look for. Any injury to a child who is not crawling yet Visible and severe injuries injuries at different stages of healing On different surfaces of the body Unexplained or explained in a way that doesn’t make sense Distinctive shape Frequency, timing and history of injuries (frequent, after weekends, vacations, school absences) There are also some signs that the abuser has. The abuser may seem to dislike the child byShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Child Abuse On Children935 Words   |  4 PagesChild abuse has been an issue in America since the beginning of time, but lately there has gradually been an increase in reported incidents of abuse. There are several types of child abuse that are present in today’s society. The different types of abuse include physical, emotional and sexual abuse. Of the different maltreatment types, four-fifths (78.3%) of unique victims were neglected, 17.6 percent were physically abused, 9.2 percent were sexually abused, 8.1 percent were psychologically maltreatedRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals corrected. However, there are cases that have not been solved or not stopped by the law. Child abuse is common. Child abuse can be caused by a variety of reasons. Scientist have been studying and they have some ideas on w hat prompt people to harm children (Ian Hacking). They are trying to end child abuse, but there is so much they can do. Many children abuse incidents are not reported. Child abuse may have many causes as in way the abuser does it. One specific factor is the background of theRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children913 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral types of abuse, there’s physical, emotional, verbal and several others abuses. But the abuse I would like to focus on is child abuse. Domestic violence towards children is important because there is a way to prevent it from happening. Typical parents and caregivers do not intend to abuse their children. Abuse is mainly directed toward the behaviors that are given off towards one another. Author David Gil defines child abuse as an occurrence where a caretaker injures a child, not by accidentRead MoreChild Abuse Is An Effect On Children1657 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2010 according to the census bureau there were 74,100,000 U.S children between the ages of 0-17 being abused and 3.3 million referrals. This effected on average 1-10 U.S families and children, there were more than 32,200,000 U.S families with children under the age of 18 according to the 2010 census bureau. From the 3.3 million hotline calls in 2010 there were less than 475,000 sustained cases (2010 NCANDS: 436,321 sustained +24,976 indicated = 461,297 total) resulting in about 15% of hotlineRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1317 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse has long been an ongoing social problem; this abuse has been one of the repeatedly difficult accusations to prove in our criminal justice system. Child abuse causes many years of suffering for victims. Children abused suffer from chemical imbalances, behavioral issues and are at high risk for becoming abusers or being abused in adult relationships. This cycle of learned behavior and suffering will be a hopeless reoccurring problem unless the criminal justice system and p rotocols for abusersRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1488 Words   |  6 Pages â€Æ' In addressing child abuse we are confronted with a series of problems. On the one hand, there is a lack of the true extent of the phenomenon because no data are available and that the issue, often refers to the most intimate spaces of family life. Furthermore, cultural and historical traditions affect the way each society faces this problem. Finally, there are varying opinions as to its definition and classification, as well as the consequences of child abuse may have and its subsequent therapeuticRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1263 Words   |  6 Pages Child Abuse Child abuse is any behavior which, by action or omission, produces physical or psychological damage to a person less than 18 years, affecting the development of his personality. In homes, it is believed that the most effective way to educate children is using the abuse. This form of punishment it used as an instrument of correction and moral training strategy as it is the first and most persistent justification of damage and maltreated mothers parents inflict on their children. SocietyRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1160 Words   |  5 PagesMost parents and other caregivers do not intend to hurt their children, but abuse is defined by the effect on the child, not the motivation of the parents or caregiver. Tens of thousands of children each year are traumatized by physical, sexual, and emotional abusers or by caregivers who neglect them, making child abuse as common as it is shocking. Most of us can’t imagine what would make an adult use violence against a child, and the worse the behavior is, the more unimaginable it seems. ButRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1132 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Child abuse takes many different forms. Including physical, sexual, emotional, or neglect of a children by parents, guardians, or others responsible for a child s welfare. Regardless of the type of abuse, the child’s devolvement is greatly impacted. The child’s risk for emotional, behavioral, academic, social, and physical problems in life increase. According to the Child Maltreatment Report by the Children’s Bureau (1999) the most common form of child abuse in the United States isRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1126 Words   |  5 PagesMrs.Pettit 6 June 2015 Child Abuse â€Å"It’s easier to throw away a child who reacts to his abuse than attempt to heal his pain†- Dwight E. Abbot . As a world we need to protect our children from child abuse whether the abuser is emotionally disabled or not mentally stable if we make a change to stopping child abuse many children lives can be saved. Child abuse endangers the child’s physical and emotional health and development. Our society needs to prevent child abuse at all cost. Throughout the

Federal Insecticides, Fungicides, And Rodenticide Act Essay

Procedural History: Under the authority of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Federal Insecticides, Fungicides, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), manufacturers were required to register their pesticides. EPA had a â€Å"me-too† process that allowed for the pesticide equivalent of generic drugs. Monsanto Corporation sued because EPA was making them publicize trade secrets, which they claimed was a taking. Congress reiterated in Section 3(c)(1)(D)(ii) of FIFRA that EPA should make administrative decisions about how much money these manufacturers would get for damages from loss of their trade secrets. Union Carbide sued because they felt that the decisions should be made by the judicial court, not an administrative agency. The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York held that the claims challenging the arbitration provisions were ripe for decision and that those provisions violated Article III. Standing was approved for all appellants, who took a direct appea l to the U.S. Supreme Court. Facts: Section 3(c)(1)(D)(ii) of FIFRA authorizes EPA to consider certain previously submitted data only if the follow-on and registrant has offered to compensate the original registrant for use of the data. The legislation provides for binding arbitration. However, if the registrants fail to agree on compensation, the arbitrator s decision is subject to judicial review only for fraud, misrepresentation, or other misconduct. The manufacturing firms engaged in theShow MoreRelatedNational Ambient Air Quality Standards For Hazardous Air Pollutants ( Neshaps )1341 Words   |  6 Pagesequipment in compliance with all existing regulatory standards and operated facilities within the state to which it is seeking a permit? d. Does the benefit of the project outweigh the environmental and social costs? e. Does the project comply with the federal emission offset requirements under the New Source Review? c. How would your conclusions change if the plant emitted hazardous air pollutants? a. The installation or expansion of the project must be discontinued and the corporation must be sanctionedRead MoreThe Dangers Of Genetically Modified Organisms741 Words   |  3 Pagesnew animal drugs under the FDC Act and other under which such products are regulated by the EPA as pesticides under FIFRA. FDA believes that the interpretation of the phrase â€Å"articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals† in the FDC Acts drug definition (21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1)(C)) is consistent with congressional intent and does not include articles intended to function as pesticides or insecticides by preventing, destroying, repellingRead MorePesticides: What Will We Do Without Them?565 Words   |  2 Pagespassed in 1901. During 1910, the federal pesticide law was created, however the enactment of the law did not occur until decades later. The Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), 1947 pesticide control law was passed in accords protecting consumers from misleading labeling and defective products. Pesticides are poisonous, made to kill, but does a good service. Insecticides another poison eradicated typhoid and malaria and both the herbicides and insecticides are acknowledge for America’s bountifulRead MoreGmo Case Study990 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Inspection Service, the Food and Drug Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency. These agencies operate based on regulations set by the Plant Protection Act, the Federal Food, Drug, the Cosmetic Act, Public Health Service Act, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, and the Toxic Substances Control Act. The legal production, development, and use, of GMOs must be accompanied by the authorization of the respective regulatory agency aforementioned. This involves an arduousRead MoreOnion and calamansi extract as cockroach killer3205 Words   |  13 Pagescontaminate food at the same time infect It with the bacteria they carry. The bacteria they spread in food can cause food poisoning. People have used various instruments to control the cockroach problem in homes. The most popular is the commonly used insecticide sprays. Most of these can destroy cockroaches but they can also do serious damage to humans as well. Cockroaches are insects of the order Blattaria or Blattodea, of which about 30 species out of 4500 total are associated with human habitationsRead MoreSilent Spring, By Rachel Carson1823 Words   |  8 Pages(Lerner). Silent Spring was a driving force behind the creation of the EPA, or Environmental Protection Agency. The EPA is responsible for regulating and enforcing the myriad of laws that protect our environment today. The FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) was one such law. Originally enacted in 1910, the FIFRA was intended to protect farmers from manufacturers who were selling adulterated or ineffective pesticides (Bearden). During this time, the U.S. Department of AgricultureRead MoreThe Second Criterion Is Quality1250 Words   |   5 PagesAir Act was created to provide air quality standards in order to protect the health of the people. It also regulated toxic and hazardous air pollutants (Kraft Furlong, 2015). The Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act established similar protections for the water supply. However, considerations for health and environment are often balanced with economic concerns. For example, the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act soughtRead MoreJohn Locke s Second Treatise Of Government1322 Words   |  6 Pagesallows manufacturers and industrial plants to routinely release toxic chemicals into the environment, endangering the lives, health, and by extension, liberty and labor, of citizens. In 1972, Congress passed the Clean Waters Act, and in 1990, Congress re-wrote the Clean Waters Act to further regulate air pollution. Although noble in purpose, this legislation has been only partially implemented and haphazar dly enforced. President Obama, recognizing the dangers of toxic waste, implemented the Clean WaterRead MoreHistorical Influences On Manufacturing Regulatory Practices1798 Words   |  8 PagesCalifornia Department of Pesticide Regulation guide book (2011), farmers found they could use Paris green, a paint pigment containing arsenic, to protect their crops from insect damage, sulfur to control disease, and copper sulfate and hydrated lime as a fungicide. However, it appeared that many of these toxic chemicals were ubiquitous in society during the time early in the 20th century and the regulation of manufacturing products was lacking, leading to a glut of various mislabeled products and false claimsRead MoreGmos Case Study1373 Words   |  6 PagesRegulation of Biotechnology Based on the equivalence principle, the U.S. government has made use of existing laws to ensure the safety of GM products: the Plant Protection Act (PPA), the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), and the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). Responsible agencies: FDA (food and feed safety); APHIS (environmental safety of GM crops) and EPA (development and release for GM plants with pest control properties)

Requirements of Wireless Transmission

Question: Write about theRequirements of Wireless Transmission. Answer: Introduction The development of wireless technology has shown that the communication can be largely increased and developed with the help of wireless (RF) transmitter and receiver. The following report would highlight the various requirements of the wireless transmission. Performance Requirements The wireless transmission consists of two parts namely transmitter and receiver and each of them needs some requirements for forming stable operations of transmission (Koenig et al., 2013). According to Gomez-Gonzalo et al. (2015), the performance requirements of the transmission consists of need for 4 analog inputs, specification of switch currents, potential analog output, and capability for receiving signal. These requirements are based on the operations required in the transmitting system. Requirement of 4 analog inputs: Among the 4 analog inputs required, one would be used for Load/Torque, one would be used for travel, and two would be used for input at the switches. Specification of switch currents: The switch current value required at the transmission system is 10mA latch. The potential analog output is required at the output receiver for each of the input signal. Capability of effective signal transmitting/receiving: The receiver must have the capability for receiving the signal and identifying the input signal for the received output signal (Koenig et al., 2013). Another important requirement for the transmitter is to transmit the data to the selected receiver. Environmental Requirements The environmental requirements of the wireless communication include the simple operational structure and low cost of the device. Simple Operational Structure: The environmental requirements of the wireless transmission include the compact and simple requirements of the wireless system (Gomez-Gonzalo et al., 2015). The technology for the communication with the help of the wireless (RF) system must be easy and convenient for using. The users must be able to easily operate the device and be able transmit the signals. Low Cost of the device: The device must be cost effective and it should be easily maintained. The components of the device must be inexpensive and easily available in the market (Alrabadi et al., 2013). The range of the device should be kept to an optimized distance of 50-100 feet for limiting the expense. Physical Requirements The physical requirements include some components that would be necessary for forming the output of the transmission and recipients devices (Raghavan et al., 2013). The physical requirements include, Battery requirements: Rechargeable battery should be incorporated within the device for decreasing the probabilities of the expense of replacing the battery again and again. Signal Conditioner requirements: The signal conditioners are required for defining the recipient of smooth signal in the load cell and travel gauge. Replacement of the gauge: The gauge used must be replaced with sensor technology for dealing with the issue of gauge being broken in the process of transmission. Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the requirements of the wireless (RF) communication include specification of switch currents, capability of effective signal transmitting/receiving, 4 analog inputs, low cost of the device, battery requirements, signal conditioner requirements, simple operational structure, and replacement of the gauge. References Alrabadi, O. N., Tatomirescu, A. D., Knudsen, M. B., Pelosi, M., Pedersen, G. F. (2013). Breaking the transmitterreceiver isolation barrier in mobile handsets with spatial duplexing.IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,61(4), 2241-2251. Gomez-Gonzalo, M., Navarrete, M., Perea, G., Covelo, A., Martn-Fernandez, M., Shigemoto, R., ... Araque, A. (2015). Endocannabinoids induce lateral long-term potentiation of transmitter release by stimulation of gliotransmission.Cerebral cortex,25(10), 3699-3712. Koenig, S., Lopez-Diaz, D., Antes, J., Boes, F., Henneberger, R., Leuther, A., ... Zwick, T. (2013). Wireless sub-THz communication system with high data rate.Nature Photonics,7(12), 977-981. Raghavan, B., Cui, D., Singh, U., Maarefi, H., Pi, D., Vasani, A., ... Cao, J. (2013). A sub-2 W 39.844.6 Gb/s transmitter and receiver chipset with SFI-5.2 interface in 40 nm CMOS.IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,48(12), 3219-3228.

Nuremberg Trials Essays - War Crimes, International Criminal Law

Nuremberg Trials After World War II, numerous war-crimes trials tried and convicted many Axis leaders. Judges from Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States tried twenty-two Nazi leaders for: crimes against humanity (mostly about the Holocaust), violating long-established rules of war, and waging aggressive war. This was known as the ?Nuremberg Trials.? Late in 1946, the German defendants were indicted and charged before a war crimes tribunal at Nuremberg(Shairo, 4). Twenty of the defendants were physicians who stood at or near the top of the medical authority of the Third Reich, as governmental, military, or SS officials. The others had executive positions, which brought them close to connections with medical affairs. It all started when people heard about the Nazi's in human acts, just about four months after World War II started. No one would believe that such a thing would happen. While the people were thinking like that the Jews were being shipped out of the country, some Jews were being put in working camps or farms. This was the beginning of the Final Solution of the Holocaust. On August 8 the London Agreement was signed. They later named it the International Military Tribunal (IMT), having 8 judges. This was made so that they would try to stop the Nazi crimes. They had additional Nuremberg hearings that were broken down into twelve trials. In connection with these trials, the U.S. military tribunals had thirty-five defendants and released nineteen of them because they could find anything to get them on. They made Nuremberg Laws because of Hitler's concentration camps and his other inhuman acts(Gutman, 142_). He didn't go by the lead system, he made himself the Supreme Judge. Hitler could imprison or execute anyone he wanted to. He made laws keeping Jews out of certain public places or jobs. He wouldn't let Jews have German citizenship. The Nuremberg Laws stated that there would be no more inhumane acts or segregation of Jews. One of the positive sides of the Nuremberg incident was the trials documented Nazi crimes for future generations. Many citizens of the world remember hearing about the Nazi's brutalities and inhuman acts. Hundreds of official Nazi documents entered into evidence at Nuremberg telling the horrible tale of the Third Reich in the Nazi's own words. Six million Jews, and others not liked by the Nazis were killed. Not one convicted Nazi denied that the mass killing had occurred. Each denied only personal knowledge and responsibility. The negative things that happened at Nuremberg were the establishment of the International Military Tribunal to lead to a permanent counterpart before which crimes against humanity can be tried. Within Twenty-four wars between nations and ninety-three civil wars between 1945 and 1992, no international body had been gathered to try aggressor nations or individuals accused of war crimes(Conot). Despite the reluctance of nations to unite in common cause and move swiftly toward a lasting road to aggression, hope yes abides for the best of Nuremberg's brightest promise. The world had a problem of what to do about the Nazi regime that had presided over the extermination of some six million Jews and deaths of millions of others with no basis in military necessity. Never before in history had the victors tried the vanquished for crimes committed during a war. Though, never in history had they commit crimes of such inhumanity. The International Military Tribunal held to the principle that persons committing a criminal violation of international law are responsible for violation, on the grounds that crimes of this nature are the result of their own acts. The tribunal thought for crimes carried out on orders from above, since many of the crimes had been committed in one with the Reich policy. The International Military Tribunal found it appropriate to single out the persecution of the Jews. The testimony given at the Nuremberg Trial, the document presented by the prosecution, and the entire record of its proceedings establish an exceptional source for the study of the Holocaust. The Nuremberg debates may continue for decades due to the tribunal's rulings at Nuremberg(West, 93). The Nuremberg Trials have been put down as acts of vengence(Conot). Some observers considered a number of sentence as being too harsh. Others have pointed